Assessing the role of Culture as a Social Determinant of Health and a Deterrent to MSM Accessing Health Services in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa

To date, few studies have been published focusing on the impact of culture on the health of men who have Sex with Men (MSM) health. This study aims to assess the impact culture has on MSM health. Studies have shown that better access to health services among MSM improves their health and reduces the transmission of HIV/AIDS. However, MSM in KwaZulu-Natal Province still face hindrances in accessing health services. This study gathered data using in-depth interviews with 25 MSM in KwaZulu-Natal in 2020. The data were analysed using the interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) framework. It was discovered that culture as a key social determinant of health factors have been categorised as a significant factor that determines the health and wellbeing of MSM in accessing health services, using stigma and discrimination as a barrier stick. Culture was identified in this study as a critical triggering factor that prevents MSM from accessing health services. The engagement and involvement of cultural influencers are recommended in this study for MSM focal programme designers, implementers, and policymakers to address identified cultural barriers to enhance access to health services for MSM.