Data Warehouse Back-End Tools

The back-end tools of a data warehouse are pieces of software responsible for the extraction of data from several sources, their cleansing, customization, and insertion into a data warehouse. In general, these tools are known as Extract – Transformation – Load (ETL) tools and the process that describes the population of a data warehouse from its sources is called ETL process. In all the phases of an ETL process (extraction and transportation, transformation and cleaning, and loading), individual issues arise, and, along with the problems and constraints that concern the overall ETL process, make its lifecycle a very complex task.