The triple loci of Jewish–Maghribi ethnicity: voluntary associations in Israel and in France

New lines of inquiry are presented concerning ongoing ties between Jews from the Maghrib, who now live in Israel and in France, and their natal lands. These are concretised in the activities of voluntary associations (French: amicales; Hebrew amutot) devoted to preserving the memories of, and in some cases connections to, their former communities. The growth of these associations since the 1950s is outlined, and an analysis of recent developments entails a three-sided transnational field that responds to international political shifts, internal processes within Israel and France, connections among these factors, and the mutual links of both of these to Maghrib countries. Understanding this field requires envisioning a malleable matrix of identities, and related activities, that appear to carry a watchword of commitment to Israel or/and France along with continued attachment to the Maghrib.