Military decolonisation and Africanisation: the first African officers in the Kenyan army, 1957-1964

Military decolonisation and Africanisation: the first African officers in the Kenyan army, 1957-1964

Author: 
Cullen, Poppy
Place: 
Oxon
Publisher: 
Taylor & Francis Group
Date published: 
2023
Record type: 
Journal Title: 
Journal of Eastern African Studies
Source: 
Journal of Eastern African Studies, Vol 17, No. 3 2023 pp. 515-533
ISSN: 
1753-1055. ISSN (Online), 1753-1063
Abstract: 

On 15 July 1961, the first eight African officers were commissioned into the King's African Rifles in Kenya. This was very late to begin Africanising the colonial military force. The colonial army, even more than other institutions, was neither anticipating nor preparing for independence until it was imminent. Then, Africanisation was dramatically sped up to try and match political progress. This article explores how the first African officer corps was created in Kenya. Using lists of commissions published in The Kenya Gazette, it shows what types of people were commissioned, focusing on ethnicity, age, experience, training, education, and promotion. Three types of servicemen were commissioned: effendis, with years of colonial experience; non-commissioned officers, who were briefly trained in Britain and rapidly promoted; and direct-entry officers, better educated, younger, and trained in Britain. The article argues that the opportunities that military decolonisation and Africanisation offered to these varied groups of men had an impact which lasted for decades, as these first commissioned officers became and remained the leaders of Kenya's military. Understanding the process of Africanisation therefore helps to explain the trajectory of Kenya's military after independence.

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Country focus: 

CITATION: Cullen, Poppy. Military decolonisation and Africanisation: the first African officers in the Kenyan army, 1957-1964 . Oxon : Taylor & Francis Group , 2023. Journal of Eastern African Studies, Vol 17, No. 3 2023 pp. 515-533 - Available at: http://library.au.int/military-decolonisation-and-africanisation-first-african-officers-kenyan-army-1957-1964